College of Admission Tests Multan

Placement Arrangements

Solve the question of and select the option from the choices A through D/E. Check your Answer and view the explanation.

Four couples—J, K, L, M—are standing in a line. Their positions are numbered consecutively from 1 to 8, and each person is holding hands with the persons on either side of him or her.

J and J are holding hands.

K and K are not holding hands.

L and L are holding hands.

One of the Ls is at one end of the line, and one of the Ms is at the other end.

Question: 3

If an M is in position 8, which of the following CANNOT be true?

I. The other M is in position 5.

II. The Ks can be in positions 3, 5, or 7.

III. One of the Js is in position 3.

  • I only
  • II only
  • III only
  • II and III only
  • I, II, and III

  Show/Hide Explanation 

Correct Answer: A

The conditions “J and J are holding hands” and “L and L are holding hands” are naturally symbolized as JJ and LL, respectively. The condition “K and K are not holding hands” can be symbolized as K...K. [The symbol ~(KK) would also work well, but the symbol K...K is more descriptive because it shows the space between the Ks.] The condition “One of the Ls is at one end of the line, and one of the Ms is at the other end” can be symbolized as L=1st/last and M=1st/last. The diagram will consist of eight dashed lines numbered 1 through 8, from left to right:

JJ

LL

K ... K

L = First / Last

M = First / Last

1to8line -27320368

No significant conditions can be derived from the given information, and no conditions can be placed on the diagram. So we attack the questions.

This question requires an indirect proof. That is, take a sub-statement; then try to construct a valid diagram for it. If this cannot be done, it is an answer—otherwise it is not.

Start with Statement I. If M is in position 5, then, from the supplemental condition “M is in position 8” and the condition L=1st/last, we know that the Ls must be in positions 1 and 2:

31arrangementq -96356552

Now, the condition JJ forces the Js into either positions 3 and 4, or 6 and 7:

32arrangementq -61193524

In both diagrams the Ks are forced next to each other, which violates the condition K...K. Hence Statement I cannot be true. This eliminates (B), (C), and (D), as they don’t contain I.

Next, Statement II is time consuming because we will have to check all three positions for the Ks. So skip to statement III. Place J in position 3:

33arrangementq -91812440

Then from the condition JJ, we know that the other J must be in position 4:

34arrangementq -91647352

Then the Ks can be placed in positions 5 and 7 and the M in position 6—all without violating any conditions:

35arrangementq -84282448

This is a valid diagram with J in position 3. Hence Statement III can be true. This eliminates (E). Therefore, by process of elimination, we have learned that the answer is (A), without having to check Statement II.